ACETONE
SYNONYMS:
ACETON
(German); ACETONA (Spanish); ARC CLEANER;
β
-KETOPROPANE;
D I M E T H Y L K E T O N E ; D I M E T H Y L F O R M A L D E H Y D E ;
DIMETHYLFORMEHYDE; DIMETHYLKETAL; EEC No. 606-001-00-8; EINECS No. 200-662-2;
GENESOLV DFX; GENESOLV 404 AZEOTROPE; KETONE; KETONE, DIMETHYL; KETONE PROPANE;
KTI PBR I CLEANING COMPOUND; 3M SCOTCHKOTE ELECTRICAL COATING; METHYL KETONE;
MS-114 CONFORMAL COATING STRIPPER; 2-PROPANONE; PROPANONE; PYROACETIC ACID;
PYROACETIC ETHER; REDUCER DTR602; SASETONE; WAXIVATION COMPOUND
IDENTIFICATION:
CAS:
67-64-1
DOT ID:
UN1090
Hazard Class or Division:
3 (FLAMMABLE LIQUID)
ERG Guide:
127
Formula:
C3H6O
RTECS No.:
AL3150000
Properties:
Highly
flammable, watery liquid. Colorless. Sweet odor resembling fingernail polish
remover; pungent; sharp, penetrating residual; ketonic. Floats and mixes with
water. Flammable, irritating vapor is produced. Forms cyanide in the body.
Vapors are heavier than air; will collect in low areas.
Uses:
Solvent
for fats, oils, waxes, resins, rubber, plastics, lacquers, varnishes, rubber
cements; as a brine for low temperature heat transfer in indirect
refrigeration; for cleaning and drying precision parts.
HEALTH & SAFETY INFORMATION
• IDLH:
2500
ppm [LEL]
• Odor threshold:
3.5–650 ppm; AIHA geometric mean air odor threshold, 62 ppm
(detectable); 130 ppm (recognizable).
•
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-), and the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) have not classified acetone as a carcinogen. Studies of
workers exposed to it found no significant risk of death from cancer.
•
OSHA Table Z-1 Air Contaminant
• NIOSH Criteria Document
: NIOSH 78-173 KETONES
•
If you are exposed to acetone, it goes into your blood which then carries it to
all the organs in your body. If it is a small amount, the liver breaks it down
to chemicals that are not harmful and uses these chemicals to make energy for
normal body functions. Breathing moderate- to-high levels of acetone for short
periods of time, however, can cause nose, throat, lung, and eye irritation;
headaches; lightheadedness; confusion; increased pulse rate; effects on blood;
nausea; vomiting; unconsciousness and possibly coma; and shortening of the
menstrual cycle in women. Levels above 500 ppm can produce eye irritation after
3 hours. Daily exposure at this level have resulted in irritation of throat and
lungs, as well as dizziness, and inflammation of stomach and intestines.
Swallowing very high levels of acetone can result in unconsciousness and damage
to the skin in your mouth. Skin contact can result in irritation and damage to
your skin. The smell and respiratory irritation or burning eyes that occur from
moderate levels are excellent warning signs that can help you avoid breathing
damaging levels of acetone. Health effects from long-term exposures are known
mostly from animal studies. Kidney, liver, and nerve damage, increased birth
defects, and lowered ability to reproduce (males only) occurred in animals
exposed long-term. It is not known if people would have these same effects.
Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. The substance may
affect the blood and bone marrow.
Exposure Limits:
•
ACGIH TLV: 500 ppm TWA; 750 ppm STEL; not classifiable as a human carcinogen;
BEI: 50 mg[Acetone]/L in urine, end of shift
•
OSHA PEL: 1000 ppm/2400 mg/m3 TWA
•
NIOSH REL: 250 ppm/590 mg/m3 TWA
•
DFG MAK: 500 ppm/1200 mg/m3 TWA; BAT: 80 mg[acetone]/L in urine, end of shift
Respirator:
2500
ppm:
CCRFOV [any chemical
cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s)]
P
PAPROV [any powered, airpurifying respirator with organic vapor
cartridge(s)]
P
GMFOV (any air-purifying, full-facepiece
respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted acid gas
canister)
P
SA (any supplied-air respirator)
P
SCBAF
(any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece).
Emergency or Planned Entry into
Unknown Concentrations or IDLH Conditions
SCBAF:PD,PP (any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a
full facepiece and is operated in a pressuredemand or other positive-pressure
mode)
P
SAF:PD,PP:ASCBA (any supplied-air respirator
that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressuredemand or other
positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained
breathing apparatus operated in a pressure-demand or other positive- pressure
mode).
Escape:
GMFOV
(any airpurifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style,
front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister) or SCBAE (any appropriate
escape-type, selfcontained breathing apparatus).
Note:
Substance reported to cause eye irritation or
damage.
Reactivity:
Forms
explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with chloroform. Incompatible with
strong acids, aliphatic amines, chloroform, chromic anhydride, chromyl
chloride, hexachloromelamine, hydrogen peroxide, nitrosyl chloride, nitrosyl
perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, permonosulfuric acid, and potassium
tert
butoxide. Unstable and explosive peroxides
formed with strong oxidizers. May accumulate static electrical charges and may
cause ignition of its vapors. Dissolves most rubber, resins, and plastics.
FIRE INFORMATION:
Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flash
back. Vapors in confined areas or containers may explode in fire. If material
or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially
contaminated water.
Hazard Classifications:
Health Hazard (Blue)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Flammability (Red)
. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 3
Reactivity (Yellow)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Flash
Point: –4°F (–20°C)
Flammable
Limits in Air: LEL 2.5%; UEL 12.8%
Autoignition
Temperature: 869°F (465°C)
FIRST AID:
Move
victim to fresh air. Call emergency medical care. Apply artificial respiration
if victim is not breathing. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Remove and
isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance,
immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. Wash
skin with soap and water. Keep victim warm and quiet. Ensure that medical personnel
are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect
themselves.
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS
•
Acetone is among those chemicals released in the greatest quantity by the
fabricated metal products industry (SIC 34). Acetone is highly volatile, and
once it reaches the troposphere (lower atmosphere), it will react with other
gases, contributing to the formation of ground-level ozone, a major component
of urban smog and other pollutants. If released into water, acetone will be
degraded by microorganisms or will evaporate into the atmosphere. Degradation
by
microorganisms
will be the primary removal mechanism.
•
EPA Hazardous Waste Number (RCRA No.): U002
•
RCRA Section 261 Hazardous Constituents.
•
RCRA Land Ban Waste.
•
RCRA Universal Treatment Standards: Wastewater (mg/L), 0.28; Nonwastewater
(mg/kg), 160.
•
RCRA Ground Water Monitoring List: Suggested methods (PQL mg/L): 8240(100).
•
EPCRA Section 304: Reportable Quantity (RQ): CERCLA, 5000 lb (2270 kg).
•
EPCRA Section 313: Acetone deleted from this list, Federal Register, Vol. 60,
No. 116, 6/16/95.
•
California LOL: CDMNQ
•
WHMIS, Ingredients Disclosure List (Canada): 1%